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Raspberry Pi 3B |
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Raspberry Pi 4B |
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Raspberry Pi GPIO (pre model 4B) [NOTE: GPIO20 is mislabelled in above photo as phys pin 37] |
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pi4B GPIO | |
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pi4B GPIO v2 |
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GPIO_Pi4B_Alts.jpg |
There are 802.3af add-on boards (see photo below) available for the GL-AR150 Wi-Fi router for just USD$8 or so. For more details, see source 27. This article also states "A quick search didn't show anyone selling the Power over Ethernet (PoE) board itself, only with the router." Below on the right, is a PoE injector cable, that puts DC voltage on the unused conductors in the Ethernet cable. It is Sparkfun product number CAB-10759 for $5.50. A voltage adapter is needed as a source of this DC power. Jumpers are needed within the Raspberry Pi to conduct the voltage to any device or breadboard needing the DC voltage.
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PoE Rectifier
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10759-01.jpg
The small board shown below (and described in Source 36) is only available from Raspberry PiHut in the UK for £18 (18 pounds sterling). It permits a Raspberry Pi computer to be powered over the Ethernet network. It also includes a very small fan that is software controlled to regulate the temperature of the Pi computer.
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Pi PoE hat
For more details, see source 19. This voltage reference can also provide a 5 volt supply for low power circuits connected to it. There is a reference to the use of the REF5020 in the DAC8574 circuit below.
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REF5020.jpg
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DAC8574 i2c 4 Analog Output Lines
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DAC8571 Diagram
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DAC8571_PowerDown.jpg
A spec sheet for the ADS1114 (and 5) can be found in Source 13 below. The ADS1115 is available mounted on a small printed circuit board (shown below) from AdaFruit (see Source 15). This tiny Adafruit board, with solder terminals at 1/10 inch centers, also contains the appropriate resistors and capacitors.
A block diagram of the ADS1114 and 5 is shown below;
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ADS1114/5 Diagram
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ADS1115_ada
For more information watch the YouTube video (V03) below. A spec. sheet is available at Source 20. The ISO1541 mounted on a board with 2 4 pin male connectors is available from NCD (Source 21) for $29.95. Power is isolated using a 100ma Mornson switcher regulator isolated power supply. A less expensive way to use the ISO1541 on a breadboard is to solder it to a an empty adapter board (Sparkfun #13655) shown below.
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ISO1541.jpg
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ISO1541_I2CBH_1KV_1-1.png
- The INA301 LS or HS Current Sensor (INA260 is an I2C version)
This measures current through a tiny shunt resistor by "Outputting" an amplified voltage that is proportional to the current that is sensed. The shunt resistor can be on the Low Side (LS) or the High Side (HS) of the load. The load's voltage can be as high as 36v DC.
It also outputs an "Alert" (an interrupt) when the measured current exceeds a threshold level. The "Alert" takes only 1 micro-second. The threshold is set by an external variable resistance (or voltage). A variant of this chip provides 2 threshold comparators. A "Reset" line is provided to reset (cancel) the interrupt.
This chip is available with factory-set gains of 20 V/V or 50 or 100. (V/V means output voltage per volt of input.)
An evaluation module is available from ti.
Alternate chips eg INA260 exist that include the shunt resistor.
Go to Source 4 (ti) for more information about this current monitor chip.
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INA301 Voltage & Current Sensor
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INA301B Voltage & Current Sensor B
- INA260 is an I2C version (sensing Current,Voltage & Power) of the INA301
Refer to Source 29 for the INA260 Data Sheet. The internal shunt resistor is 2mOhm. That is 2 milli-ohms. It can sense bus voltages from 0v to 36v. It reports Current, Voltage and Power.
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INA260 Diagram
- TL082 Op Amp
Refer to Source 11 for the TL082 Data Sheet. The voltage gain of this Op.Amp circuit is -R2/R1.
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TL082 Dual Op Amp
- sn74hc138 DeMultiplexer
See Source 3 below for a PDF tech sheet for this chip.
A circuit using the SN74hc138 is shown below:
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SN74HC138 Demuliplexer
- MPL3115A2 Barometric Pressure/Altitude/Temperature Sensor
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1893-02.jpg
- VEML7700 i2C Lux Sensor
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4162-04.jpg
- Adafruit 2159 i2C Yellow-Green Quad Alphanumeric Display
From Adafruit for $10.95. Is there a code library for running this on a Raspberry Pi? See Adafruit Forum issue cited in Source 18 below !!!!
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2159-02.jpg
- items from Universal Solder
US PN Prio Description Price $Cad Date Rec'd ****** ** ********************************************* ***** ************ #26357 Hi 3 shunt resistors 0.002 , 0.01, 0.1 ohm $2.95 May 21, 2019 #26135 Hi USB Volt amp meter $7.98 May 21, 2019 #26355 Hi CP2102 USB-TTL serial adapter 3.3v/5v $3.79 May 21, 2019 #26334 Hi I2C MCP23017 16 channel GPIO Expander $6.49 May 21, 2019 #26012 Hi 12 piece long lead shield headers $4.98 May 21, 2019 #26349 Hi Bread Board Power Supply 3v & 5v $3.39 May 21, 2019 (NB Ground is NOT the center pin of the power input connector) #26320 Hi 2 pcs Wemos D1 perfbd proto.. shield #3.39 May 21, 2019 #26227 Hi 10W + 10W stereo audio Class-D [PAM8610] $2.99 May 21, 2019 (NB The volume can only be controlled via input amplitude control.)- PAM8610 Class D audio Amp 2x10watt
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PAM8610 board
For Spec Sheet see Source 5. Universal Solder PN 26227- TPA2016 i2C 2.8 watt Class D Audio Amplifier control
Adafruit pn 1712 for $9.95. Perhaps this device can be used as a pre-amplifier for the PAM8610.
Inside the miniature chip is a class D controller, able to run from 2.7V - 5.5VDC. Since the amp is a class D, it's incredibly efficient (89% efficient when driving an 8 ohm speaker at 1.5 Watt) - making it perfect for portable and battery-powered projects. It has built in thermal and over-current protection but we could barely tell if it got hot. This board is a welcome upgrade to basic "LM386" amps!
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1712-00.jpg
- Arduino Ethernet Shield (Sparkfun # 11166)
The Arduino Ethernet Shield (#11166 from SparkFun for $24.95) logs data in a similar format to previous Arduino Data Logging Shields. More information appears in Source 6 below. The following photo shows that the new format logs 3 data fields instead of the former 2 fields. The Arduino Data Logger Shield uses a Real Time Clock (RTC) to time-stamp the log entries that it stores on an SD card. This new format excludes the high-resolution time field (milliseconds since the program began). In contrast, the PiR2 data log can always be produced by any Raspberry Pi because the Raspberry Pi already has a real-time clock and SD card. The PiR2 time-stamps agree with the world clock, when the Raspberry Pi is connected to the ethernet.
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Arduino Ethernet Shield Log
This format can easily be interchanged with the PiR2 log format defined and used by the author of the MehInCharge.com (MIC) website (Source 7). To see the MIC log format; click on the menu item named "Log" at the MehInCharge.com website.- T2301PB Triac
The obsolete T2301PB triac / thyristor (equivalent to the LittleFuse L2004F31) is described in the spec. sheets; Source 11 and Source 12 below. The YouTube presentation V05 (below) describes how such a Triac can be optically isolated and used to control 110v AC. The photo below is the circuit diagram for this triac.
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T2301PB Circuit
- MOC3034M Opto-Isolater
The diagram above shows the MOC3034M controlling a T2301PB triac. The diagram below shows a MOC3021 driving a Triac to control a 220v motor. See Source 14 for a datasheet about the MOC3021. In the diagram below, the "red sin wave in a circle" is the source of 220 v (AC).
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MOC3021 Circuit
- DS3502 i2C 10k Digital Potentiometer
This device lets the microcontroller set the resistance of the "wiper" to any of 128 values.
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4286-03.jpg
- NCD I2C Mini Extender Board
The NCD I2C Mini Extender Board joins 2 I2C cables. It costs $3.95 from NCD. It has 2 I2C NodeLynk Interface 4-pin male Molex Compatible connectors (which each cost $.10 . Cables (3 inches long) cost $0.95 each.
The SparkFun Qwiic Adapter (for $1.50) is similar to the NCD Extender, but the Qwiic adapter is probably slightly different than the Molex connector. The 50mm (2.2 inch) Qwiic cable (below - right) costs $0.95 .
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I2CEXT_A_1-600x400.png
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14495-01.jpg
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14426 Qwiic Cable
- Outward facing I2C port from NCD for the Raspberry Pi
It has a male and female 40 pin connector for some models of the Raspberry Pi. It provides an I2C cable connector that is level-shifted to 5v. It is available from NCD for around $11.00 . An inward facing version also exists. The active components on this device have an unknown purpose, but they may unfortunately draw 5 volt power from the Raspberry Pi. If so, this device does not isolate the I2C devices from the Raspberry Pi. Some photos show this device with a 26 pin GPIO header, so beware when ordering from NCD.
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OUTPI2_B_2_480x480.png
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OUTPI2_RevA.png
- VL53LOX i2C Distance Sensor from Adafruit
This sensor from Adafruit senses distances between 50mm and 1000mm (1 meter) with very high resolution.
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VL53LOX Distance Sensor
- SparkFun SOIC to DIP Adapter - 8-Pin
It is available from SparkFun (4 for $2.95). See Source 22 for instructions how to solder an 8-pin SOIC chip.
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13655-01.jpg
- SparkFun pHat i2C for the Raspberry Pi
The Qwiic pHat from SparkFun (for $5.95) plugs into the Raspberry Pi GPIO pins to allow connection of 4 sets of I2C devices (all on the same i2c bus (unfortunately not for the Pi-4B multiple i2c buses).
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15351-SparkFun_Qwiic_pHAT_for_Raspberry_Pi-01.jpg
- Adafruit 801 Pi Plate
The Adafruit (for $15.95) plugs into the Raspberry Pi GPIO pins to allow connection to only the top 26 GPIO pins via a breadboard device, some perf-board devices and even a 16 pin SOIC surface mount chip.
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Adafruit 801 Pi Plate
- Adafruit I2S MEMS Microphone
The Adafruit Product # 3421 (for $6.95) is an I2S (not I2C) microphone without any analog output. It can be used by the Arduino and the Raspberry Pi.
Instead of an analog output, there are three digital pins: Clock, Data and Left-Right (Word Select) Clock. When connected to your microcontroller/computer, the 'I2S Master' will drive the clock and word-select pins at a high frequency and read out the data from the microphone. No analog conversion required!
Source 25 describes a circuit (shown below right) to test the MEMS Microphone on a Raspberry Pi. A Fritzing file is available in Source 26 from Adafruit for the MEMS microphone.It uses GPIO lines 18,19 and 20 which are physical pins 12, 35 and 38 respectivedly. For BCM read GPIO.
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Adafruit I2S Microphone
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Adafruit I2S Microphone Pi Test Circuit
- Sparkfun MEMS Mike + Amplifier (# BOB-9868 US$10.95)
This tiny breakout board features the ADMP401 MEMS microphone. One of the key advantages to this breakout and microphone is the bottom ported input. This means the microphone's input can fit flush against the enclosure of your project. Plus you will not have to deal with trying to solder the microphone's wacky footprint. Wootness!
The amplifier on the breakout has a gain of 67 and more than meets the bandwidth requirements of the mic. The amplifier's AUD output will float at one half Vcc when no sound is being picked up. The amplifier produces a peak-to-peak output of about 200mV when the microphone is held at arms length and is being talked into at normal conversational volume levels. So the AUD output can easily be connected to the ADC of a micro. For hookup instructions see Source 57.
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Sparkfun # BOB-9868
- AliExpress MEMS I2S Disc US$ 1.80)+ shipping
From AliBaba store # 1916536, the Omnidirectional Microphone Module I2S Interface INMP441 MEMS High Precision Low Power Ultra small volume for ESP32. Shipping to Canada will cost US $1.07. The letters "441 CCV238" are written on the IC can. By the way, clicking on the "Play Triangle" (below) won't respond.
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MEMS_I2S_Circle.jpg
An alternate supplier is "Superseller For Arduino&3D". See Source 58 for more details.- Adafruit Pico HAT Hacker
The Adafruit Product # 3577 (for $2.50) permits access to all 40 pins of the Raspberry Pi.
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Adafruit Pi Hat
- Raspberry Pi Camera (from Adafruit)
The Adafruit Product # 3099 (for $29.95) includes cable for the Raspberry Pi.
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Pi Camera v2
- MCP4725 ($1.25 from Rainbowsemi at Alibaba, $4.95 from Adafruit)
MCP4725 is a single channel, 12-bit, voltage output Digital-to-Analog Converter with integrated EEPROM and an I2C Compatible Serial Interface. See Source 32 for more information.
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mcp4725-768x768.jpg
- 1 Wire Plus (£14.00 L14.00 (14 pounds sterling)
The 1 Wire Plus (Source 36) provides an I2C port and a 1-Wire(R) port for a Raspberry Pi. It stacks the GPIO pins and provides: I2C solder pins, 1-Wire(R) is via an RJ-12 connector (similar to an ethernet connector), allows external 5V source, 2 bit address and other 1-Wire(R) features. It is available from the UK PiHut and is compatible with 1-Wire(R) devices manufactured by MAXIM. The 1-Wire(R) system is used in a portable iButton form, sometimes called a Dallas Key. For more details see the 1-Wire(R) PiZero addon (next). Many 1-Wire(R) devices incorporate unique serial numbers to identify the device that is communicating. It uses a MAXIM DS2482-100 (Source 44) IC to convert I2C to 1-Wire(R) controls.
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1 Wire Plus
- 1 Wire PiZero addon (£13.00 L13.00 13 pounds sterling)
This board provides I2C and 1-Wire(R) ports for a Pi Zero computer. See schematic in Source 45. It is similar to the 1 Wire Pi Plus, but is smaller and is compatible with the Pi Zero. A detailed tutorial (Source 38) has been written by Jack Creasey, author of Raspberry Pi Essentials, for the setup of One Wire File Systems (OWFS) with the 1 Wire Pi and 1 Wire Plus boards. For more information about OWFS see Source 46. Unfortunately, the RaspberryPi forum contains many comments of 1-Wire(R) devices not working under Raspbian (but they work elsewhere under Python). Apparently Owserver and owlib don't work satisfactorily (as of 2015). OWFS on GitHub (Source 46) doesn't show much activity. The range of 1-Wire(R) devices can be seen at Source 39. Individual 1-Wire Devices can be looked up in the MAXIM product list (Source 41). For example, search for "Sensors". One example of a 1-Wire(R) device, a temperature sensor (MAX31820 for US$2.26 (Qty 1) from Mouser Electronics), can be seen in Source 40. Its form is similar to a small plastic NPN transistor. There is a growing number of 1-Wire(R) sensors: temperature, voltage, humidity, light, ultraviolet, pressure, thermisters, thermocouples, programmable microcontrollers, relays, lights, LCD panels, etc. Source 47 describes how to set up the OWFS with I2C support on Raspberry Pi Zero. Source 48 is the (Linux) man page for OWFS.
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1 Wire PiZero addon
- MAXIM DS28E17 ($2.17)
This device DS28E17 (Source 42) permits a computer (eg Raspberry Pi ?) to use 1-Wire(R) technology to communicate with distant I2C devices. This reduces the wiring costs to remote areas where multiple I2C devices can be employed.
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DS28E17
- Raspberry Pi 40 Contact Solder Tag Board (L2.99)
This 40 pin Tag Board from "thepihut" facilitates wiring of GPIO pins to a "solderboard".
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40 Pin Tag Board
Wed Jul 10, 2019 5:02 pmThe following provides more information about the RUN pin:
RUN is for resetting the SoC. GLOBAL_EN is for signalling the PMIC to leave the low power shutdown state. Neither should be used for powering a fan.
Fri Oct 05, 2018 2:36 amThe following note (Source 35) explains how to use the RUN pin:
The Run pin (well its not really a pin as it isn't populated) is directly connected to the Broadcom SOC according to the reduced schematics (Source 34).
The RUN signal appears to be an active-high, pulled-high, open-collector configured signal on both, so you could probably just use a diode to interface to an external 5V/0V signal to pull it low as /RESET -
-.- 3V3 .|. |_| 10K External Diode | signal >---|<|---(o---^---<> RUN
PN Desc Price -- ---- ----- RaspberryPiModel4B 1Gb $35.00 RaspberryPiModel4B 2Gb $35.00 RaspberryPiModel4B 4Gb $55.00 PoE Rectifier $ 8.00 CAB-10759 $ 5.50 REF5020 Volt. Ref DAC8574 i2C 4xA.O. DAC8571 i2C 1xA.O. ADS1115 i2C 4xA.I. ISO1541 i2C Isolation $29.95 INA260 i2C Curr.Sens. TL082 Op.Amp SN74HC138 DeMux MPL311582 Outdoor.Sens. VEML7700 i2C Lux Sens. $ 4.95 2159 i2C 4 Alpha $10.95 PAM8610 Audio Amp. TPA2016 i2C Aud.Amp. $ 9.95 Arduino Eth.Shield $24.95 T2301PB Triac MOC3034M Opto.Iso MOC3021 Opto.Iso DS3502 i2C 10k Pot. CAD$ 7.99 (from ADAFRUIT) DS3502U i2C 10k Pot. $ 6.50 (from MBM at AliExpress) NCD i2C Ext.Board $ 3.95 NCD OUTPI2 i2C port $11.95 VL53LOX i2C Dist.Sens. SOIC to DIP Adapt. $ 2.95 pHat i2C for Pi $ 5.95 Pi Plate $15.95 MEMS micro. I2S (not I2C) $ 6.95 MEMS Mike + Amp #BOB-9868 $10.95 3577 Hat Hacker $ 2.50 3099 Pi Camera $29.95 MCP4725 i2C DAC $ 4.95PriceList.txt
if you want a stable and easy solution simply install mate in raspbian: apt-get update Install mate sudo apt-get install mate-core mate-desktop-environment Add mate as default environment for your user by adding this line sudo update-alternatives --config x-session-manager In the wizard, type the number corresponding to mate Reboot sudo reboot :grin: Cheers UweI have not yet started using Ubuntu-Mate. Ubuntu Mate needs to support Python3 for me to use it.
1K0 1 K ohm resistor 1-Wire OWFS serial bus 2GB 2 Gigabytes 3V3 +3.3 Volt 6K0 6,800 ohm resistor ada AdaFruit ADC Analog to Digital Converter ALT Alert (usually an interrupt signal) BCM BroadCom Inc. CDS photo cell (CadmiumSulphide) CMOS Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor DAC Digital to Analog Converter DIP Dual In-line Pins (a popular IC format) GND Ground GPIO General Purpose Input/Output Raspberry Pi pins Grove I2C connector with 4 pins HC logic gates using CMOS levels HDMI High Definition Multimedia Interface HS High Side (of the load) iButton Dallas Key I2C Inter-Integrated Circuit eg TMC102 I2S Inter-IC Sound (eg Adafruit MEMS microphone) IC Integrated Circuit IIC I2C LS Low Side (of the load) MIC Meh In Charge (www.MehInCharge.com) Mux Multiplexer NCD National Control Devices, LLC Op.Amp Operational Amplifier OWFS One Wire File System pcs pieces Pi Raspberry Pi Computer Pico Pi Pico microcomputer on a board PiR2 PiR2 Area Controller by ICH180R2 Corp. PN Part Number PoE Power over Ethernet pot. potentiometer (variable resistor) qwiic Qwiic Connect System by SparkFun Electronics RTC Real Time Clock SD Secure Digital Card (memory card) SoC System-On-Chip eg Broadcom BCM2711 SOIC Small Outline Integrated Circuit (very small IC Package format) ti Texas Instruments TTL ICs using very old Transistor-Transistor Logic us micro-seconds USB Universal Serial Bus v/v output voltage per volt of input